NAPLEX exam

2008-01-30T18:46:00.000+05:30

NAPLEX is short form for North American Pharmacist Licensure Examination .

Its an exam for the Pharmacy graduates to be entitled for working as a registered Pharmacist in US .

This exam is to assess the competency of the person in Pharmacy practice .

The NAPLEX is a computer-adaptive examination that consists of 185 multiple-choice test questions. Of these, 150 questions will be used to calculate your test score. The remaining 35 items will serve as pretest questions, which will not affect your NAPLEX score. Pretest questions are administered to evaluate the item’s difficulty level for possible inclusion as a scored question in future examinations. These pretest questions are dispersed throughout the examination and cannot be identified by the candidate.

A majority of the questions on the NAPLEX are asked in a scenario-based format (ie, patient profiles with accompanying test questions). To properly analyze and answer the questions presented, you must refer to the information provided in the patient profile. Other questions are answered solely from the information provided in the question.

Question format for the NAPLEX :

Area 1 Assure Safe and Effective Pharmacotherapy and Optimize Therapeutic Outcomes

(Approximately 54% of Test)

1.1.0 Obtain, interpret and evaluate patient information to determine the presence of a disease or
medical condition, assess the need for treatment and/or referral, and identify patient-specific
factors that affect health, pharmacotherapy, and/or disease management.
1.1.1 Identify and assess patient information including medication, laboratory and disease state
histories.
1.1.2 Identify and/or use instruments and techniques related to patient assessment and diagnosis.
1.1.3 Identify and define the terminology, signs, and symptoms associated with diseases and
medical conditions.
1.1.4 Identify and evaluate patient factors, genetic factors, biosocial factors, and concurrent drug
therapy that are relevant to the maintenance of wellness and the prevention or treatment of
a disease or medical condition.
1.2.0 Identify, evaluate, and communicate to the patient or health-care provider, the appropriateness of
the patient’s specific pharmacotherapeutic agents, dosing regimens, dosage forms, routes of
administration, and delivery systems.
1.2.1 Identify specific uses and indications for drug products.
1.2.2 Identify the known or postulated sites and mechanisms of action of pharmacotherapeutic
agents.
1.2.3 Evaluate drug therapy for the presence of pharmacotherapeutic duplications and
interactions with other drugs, food, diagnostic tests, and monitoring procedures.
1.2.4 Identify contraindications, warnings and precautions associated with a drug product’s
active and inactive ingredients.
1.2.5 Identify physicochemical properties of drug substances that affect their solubility,
pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, pharmacologic actions, and stability.
1.2.6 Interpret and apply pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic principles to calculate and
determine appropriate drug dosing regimens.
1.2.7 Interpret and apply biopharmaceutic principles and the pharmaceutical characteristics of
drug dosage forms and delivery systems, to assure bioavailability and enhance patient
compliance.
1.3.0 Manage the drug regimen by monitoring and assessing the patient and/or patient information,
collaborating with other health care professionals, and providing patient education.
1.3.1 Identify pharmacotherapeutic outcomes and endpoints.
1.3.2 Evaluate patient signs and symptoms, and the results of monitoring tests
and procedures to determine the safety and effectiveness of pharmacotherapy.
1.3.3 Identify, describe the mechanism of, and remedy adverse reactions, allergies, side effects
and iatrogenic or drug-induced illness.
1.3.4 Prevent, recognize, and remedy medication non-adherence, misuse or abuse.
1.3.5 Recommend pharmacotherapeutic alternatives.

Area 2 Assure Safe and Accurate Preparation and Dispensing of Medications

(Approximately 35% of Test)

2.1.0 Perform calculations required to compound, dispense, and administer medication.
2.1.1 Calculate the quantity of medication to be compounded or dispensed; reduce and enlarge
formulation quantities and calculate the quantity of ingredients needed to compound the
proper amount of the preparation.
2.1.2 Calculate nutritional needs and the caloric content of nutrient sources.
2.1.3 Calculate the rate of drug administration.
2.1.4 Calculate or convert drug concentrations, ratio strengths, and/or extent of ionization.
2.2.0 Select and dispense medications in a manner that promotes safe and effective use.
2.2.1 Identify drug products by their generic, brand, and/or common names.
2.2.2 Determine whether a particular drug dosage strength or dosage form is commercially
available, and whether it is available on a nonprescription basis.
2.2.3 Identify commercially available drug products by their characteristic physical attributes.
2.2.4 Interpret and apply pharmacokinetic parameters and quality assurance data to determine
equivalence among manufactured drug products, and identify products for which
documented evidence of inequivalence exists.
2.2.5 Identify and communicate appropriate information regarding packaging, storage, handling,
administration, and disposal of medications.
2.2.6 Identify and describe the use of equipment and apparatus required to administer
medications.
2.3.0 Prepare and compound extemporaneous preparations and sterile products.
2.3.1 Identify and describe techniques and procedures related to drug preparation, compounding,
and quality assurance.
2.3.2 Identify and use equipment necessary to prepare and extemporaneously compound
medications.
2.3.3 Identify the important physicochemical properties of a preparation’s active and inactive
ingredients; describe the mechanism of, and the characteristic evidence of incompatibility
or degradation; and identify methods for achieving stabilization of the preparation.

Area 3 Provide Health Care Information and Promote Public Health
(Approximately 11% of Test)

3.1.0 Access, evaluate, and apply information to promote optimal health care.
3.1.1 Identify the typical content and organization of specific sources of drug and health
information for both health-care providers and consumers.
3.1.2 Evaluate the suitability, accuracy, and reliability of information from reference sources by
explaining and evaluating the adequacy of experimental design and by applying and
evaluating statistical tests and parameters.
3.2.0 Educate the public and health-care professionals regarding medical conditions, wellness, dietary
supplements, and medical devices.
3.2.1 Provide health care information regarding the prevention and treatment of diseases and
medical conditions, including emergency patient care.
3.2.2 Provide health care information regarding nutrition, lifestyle, and other non-drug measures
that are effective in promoting health or preventing or minimizing the progression of a
disease or medical condition.
3.2.3 Provide information regarding the documented uses, adverse effects and toxicities of
dietary supplements.
3.2.4 Provide information regarding the selection, use and care of medical/surgical appliances
and devices, self-care products, and durable medical equipment, as well as products and
techniques for self-monitoring of health status and medical conditions.

Colleges Offering admission In M.Pharmacy by GATE Score

2007-09-30T16:57:00.000+05:30

The main top 10 colleges of India offering M.Pharma degree take admission in there courses by organizing a separate entrance exam but the prerequisite qualification of these entrance is that the student must already have cleared GATE exam.

The college that take entrance only for GATE qualifiers are :
-NIPER, Chandigarh,
-UDCT ,Mumbai
-BITS ,Pilani
-BIT ,Mesra,Ranchi
-Jamia Hamdard,Delhi

Colleges offering admission by separate entrance

2007-09-30T15:35:00.000+05:30

There are some good colleges that offers admission to the M.Pharmacy courses by conducting a separate entrance examination.
Some of these colleges are :

- Manipal University
- Private colleges of Maharashtra
- Biju Patnaik Tech Univ ,Orrisa

Preparation of GATE Pharmacy for admission in MPharma course

2007-09-29T21:34:00.000+05:30

Now as the GATE 2008 forms are out, every aspirant is tense as its now only few days out for it.

this article aims at telling the smart points that can help anybody to get a bit advantage over others.

First starts with pattern of GATE:
The Pattern is same this year too like always that there will be 85 questions with 4 options and among them only one will be correct.

Why GATE is necessary:
In India there are a lot of private Institutes that allow to take admission without clearing the GATE exam ,then the question come in mind 'what is the need of preparing and clearing for this exam.
Well the answer to this is that the candidates that have a scorecard of clearing GATE (the percentile doesn't matter) is entitled to apply for scholarship from the MHRD(Ministry of Human Resource Development) that is currently given at rate of 5000 INR/month for 2 years.

Then the next question comes in mind that if every qualifier is entitled for scholarship then what is the utility of 'percentile' , the answer to this is = Since the number of seats in good colleges is limited and the number of qualifiers is a lot more, so the competition for getting a seat in reputed college increases and the college administration then credit the Percentile score of GATE as the qualification.

I will continue writing on this topic as there are a lot more still remaining to be discussed ,some myths to be corrected and a lot of study to be done.

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NAPLEX exam

Colleges Offering admission In M.Pharmacy by GATE Score

Colleges offering admission by separate entrance

Preparation of GATE Pharmacy for admission in MPharma course